Hepatitis B epidemiology and diagnosis in blood donors of district Mardan KP Pakistan

Abstract

Hepatitis B is a chronic infection and is the main health concern especially in Asia, Africa, Southern Europe and Latin America and around two billion individuals are infected with HBV on the globe, among them 400 million are suffering from chronic HBV infection. Current data was collected from the period for December 2017 to October 2019 from the pathology lab of Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan. The blood samples of 31,367 blood donors were screened with ELISA kit (ARCHITECT i1000SR automated immunoassay analyzer chemiluminescent micro particle immunoassay). The occurrence rate of HBV infection amongst the blood donors was studied using CMIA method at Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan. 6253 blood donors were detected as HBV positive in total 31,367 blood donors. Total number of male blood donors was 28531, in which 5769 were HBV positive and their ratio was 20.22%, while the total number of female blood donors was 2836 in which 484 were detected as HBV positive and their percentage was 17.06%, which is fairly less than male positivity ratio. The total prevalence ratio is 19.23%. We concluded that the major cause of high prevalence of HBV is the blood transfusion and lack of awareness of HBV infection. Drinking and eating unhygienic water and food is another major cause of HBV.