Review on the emerging white feces syndrome in shrimp industry

Abstract

In the past few decades, shrimp industry is facing many uncertainties, especially by disease outbreaks, which are causing severe economic as well as production losses throughout the world. White Feces Syndrome (WFS), a type of bacterial disease, is a kind of disease where farmers do not have any curative measures to revive the infected animals. Similarly, another disease called EHP (Enterocytozoon Hepatopenaei), caused by a microsporidian parasite is often associated with WFS. In both cases, the sudden reduction in actual feed consumption, hepatopancreas discoloration, loose shell, and growth reduction are the commonly noticed symptoms. To date, there is no novel treatment has been found to fight this deadly WFS disease. This article briefly discusses the WFS disease outbreak conditions, and their preventive measures for farm level adoption by farmers to keep their animal away from WFS.