Association of gastritis and peptic ulcers with Helicobacter pylori and their symptoms and cure

Abstract

Gastritis is the inflammation in the gastric mucosa of stomach and untreated gastritis developed into ulcers. Main cause of Gastritis and peptic ulcers are Helicobacter pylori bacterium and others cause like stress, smoking and diet. Helicobacter pylori are a micro aerophilic and gram negative bacteria found in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Helicobacter pylori produce urease enzyme, urease use urea as a substrate and convert urea into ammonia and bicarbonate ions, these are basic in nature and protect bacteria from acid produce in the stomach. Gastritis is identified by greater number of uninuclear cells, predominantly lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. For diagnosis various test are used like urea breath test, stool antigen test, serology etc. For treatments various antibiotics like Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin are used. In some countries dual, triple and quadruple therapies are used.