Fungal endophytes in improving plant tolerance to drought stress: A review

Abstract

Plant lives are continuously being challenged with numerous biotic and abiotic stresses at some point of their life cycle that exert profound deleterious outcomes on growth and development. Plants rent diverse physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms to combat these stress elements. Microorganism-mediated plant tolerance, especially plant drought tolerance is crucial, despite the fact that surprisingly much less well-known, fungal endophyte-mediated plant drought tolerance has been described for several cases. Unlike mycorrhizal fungi, non-mycorrhizal fungi may additionally mediate the effects of water stress by means of adjusting, regulating or modifying plant physiological, biochemical and metabolic sports. Right here is the evidence for fungal endophyte-mediated plant drought tolerance and mechanisms.