Biotechnology and breeding approaches to increase disease resistances in cabbage

Abstract

Cabbage is an important vegetable crop of the family Brassicaceae and is grown in many countries of the globe. There are different types of cabbage depending upon shape, size, and color. It is a highly cross-pollinated crop where heterosis in F1 hybrid progeny has been exploited so largely in developing countries too. Due to high yield, strong disease resistance, wide adaptability, good quality, and uniform economic characters. The rate of conversion from open pollinated varieties to hybrid varieties and seed replacement ratio is very high in this crop. There are different temperature requirements for fresh vegetable and seed production purposes. The self-incompatibility and male sterility systems are present in the crop, which facilitates easy and cheaper hybrid seed production. For the successful seed production program we need suitable production area, congenial environment, and stable parents. The present review deals with the molecular approaches and biotechnology tools for the production of new plant varieties. Plants resistant to biotic and biotic stress tolerant to drought or other harsh environmental conditions had produced. A number of techniques including tissue culture mutagenesis, transformation have been used. Advance functional genomics studies give better understanding of plant genome and help in modifying it. RNA interference, next generation sequencing and nanotechnology have become a new promising technique for improving crop according to future need.