Proteomics Approaches to Study Host Pathogen Interaction

Abstract

Proteomics is the branch of functional genomics which deals with the study of proteins along with analysis that have genetic read out i.e. mRNA analysis & genomic analysis. Genomic studies integrated with protein studies confirm the functionality of a particular gene. Advances in mass spectrometry, nucleotide sequencing information combined with computational algorithm, chip-based approaches and genetic approaches lead to the proteomics as an emerging field of functional genomics. Different approaches in proteomics include protein extraction and then separation of proteins either by Gel based method (2DE, DIGE) or non-Gel based method (ITAC, ITRAQ, SILAC, Mud PIT) and then quantification and identification using mass spectrometry and database comparison. Plant serves as a host for wide range of pathogen. On the basis of maintaining effective defence response towards pathogen there are two types of plant-pathogen interaction namely compatible and incompatible interaction. In both type of interaction several defence related and biotic stress response proteins are induced but their extent to provide defence is different. Proteomics help in studying plant–virus, plant-fungus, plant-bacteria and plant-nematode interaction in details to identify proteins produced in both compatible and incompatible interaction and to sort out the protein with differential expression.