Assessment of risk factors causing peripheral arterial disease with the use of ankle brachial pressure index in asymptomatic patients

Abstract

Background: Peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) are trigged by various risk factors. The present study aims to assess the various risk factors causing peripheral arterial disease with the use of ankle brachial pressure index in asymptomatic patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done in the department of General Surgery, Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam, Tamil Nadu for one year. Total 377 patients were included in the study. All the patients were explained the study procedure and informed consent was obtained. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Systolic Blood pressure of both arms were measured using sphygmomanometer and hand held Doppler. SBP of posterior Tibial artery at the ankle of both lower limbs was detected using the sphygmomanometer and hand held Doppler. ABPI is detected by dividing higher of the two ankle pressures by the higher of the two brachial artery pressure. The data was expressed in number, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Based on the ABPI risk factors were assessed. Results: Maximum number of patients were aged between 60-69 years. Males more than females. It was observed that diabetes, hypertension, smoking and dyslipidemia patients have ABPI score less than 0.9 compared to other patients. Conclusion: Patients with history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia can easily develop the peripheral arterial disease.