Studies of biochemical characteristics and identification of active phyto-compounds of king chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) using GC-MS

Abstract

This study investigates the possible nutritional composition at two different stage and identification of different active compounds of freshly harvested king chili grown in Northeast, India. The proximate composition were found to be (g/100) moisture 86.75%, ash 1.39%, protein 1.75%, carbohydrate 7.81%, fiber 1.75%, fat 0.1%, energy 39.14 (kcal)and vitamin C 109.36 mg/100g, TSS 3.09 % ᴼBrix at green stage also nearly same results were found in red stage. Also color indices changed of chroma (C) value 25.11 to 45.87 and hue angle (H) 121.32 to 23.10 at green and red stage respectively. Sample of king chili was extracted with ethanol and the ethanolic extract was analyzed through Perkin-Elmer GC-MS for the identification of different compounds. A total of 11 active compounds were identified with ethanolic extracts. Capsaicin(14.99%), α-D-Glucopyranose, 4-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(24.92%),4H-Pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (19.07%) and Squalene which were major compounds identified in the fruit and considered to have pungency, antioxidant, and anti-cancerous properties. The results of this study are very encouraging for designing new drugs with the help of these active compounds for the treatment of many infectious diseases and to improve the health status of the consumers.