Role of serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin at 13-20 weeks of gestation as a predictor of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective of this study was to measure β-hCG during 13-20 weeks of gestation and compare the same between those who develop Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with those who do not. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out on 200 primigravida patients in their second trimester (13-20 weeks) attending the OPD in Muzaffarnagar Medical College. Serum β-hCG levels were estimated in all these patients by CLIA (chemiluminescent immune assay) technique. All pregnancies were followed up till delivery for the development of Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Results: Out of 200 patients, 27(13.5%) cases developed Pregnancy induced hypertension. Of those who developed PIH, 22(70.9%) were having β- hCG levels >2 MOM (P< 0.05). Absolute β-hCG levels (Mean ± SD) were also significantly higher (95963.0 ± 42337.64 V/S 40319.74 ± 10659.42; P< 0.05) in subjects who later developed PIH. Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive predictive value and Negative predictive value for β-hCG were 85.2%, 92.5%, 81.98% and 94.8% respectively. Conclusion: Serum β-hCG estimation at mid trimester (13-20 weeks) is a good predictor of PIH and higher levels of β-hCG are associated with increased severity of PIH.