Evaluation of lipid profile in dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Background: Patients with end stage renal disease are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor of mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the lipid profile in dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease. Methodology: The study included 30 consecutive cases of dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease and 30 controls matched for age and sex. The patients were investigated for serum electrolytes, haemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, glycosylated haemoglobin, serum electrolytes and fasting lipid profile. Results: The age and gender of the patient was comparable in both the groups (p>0.05). The majority of the patient in both cases and controls were in the age group of 51-65 year. Males predominated over females but distribution of both sexes was comparable in both the groups. Patients with CKD had a significantly higher number of patients with diabetes mellitus (10/30; 33%) compared to three (10%) in controls. 57% of the cases with CKD were hypertensive and significantly higher compared to 10% in controls. On ultrasonography, kidney size was found to be significantly reduced in size in 13 cases (43%) as a consequence of CKD. The eGFR was 6.67+3.03 in cases which was significantly lower compared to 76.73+25.35 in controls (p0.05). Serum LDL was raised in 1 case of CKD and none in controls (p>0.05). Serum HDL cholesterol was found to be significantly lower than expected value in 19 cases (63%) compared to 8 controls (27%) (p0.05). Conclusion: CKD patients on hemodialysis are predisposed to dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia may further aggravate renal failure and cardiovascular events. Hence it is important to treat dyslipidemia in these patients