Implant surface modifications: A review

Abstract

Osseointegration is the key for long term success of endosseous dental implants. Implant surface properties like roughness, topography, energy, and composition are the major surface features that influence the process of osseointegration. Several methods have been used to optimize implant surface roughness to increase surface area thereby improving the process of osseointegration such as additive and subtractive methods. Methods used for surface modifications of endosseous dental implants are vast and continuously evolving with the recently developed technologies. This article gives an overview of various surface modifications and current trends followed in the field oral implantology.