Histopathological study of prostatic lesions at tertiary care centre

Abstract

Introduction: Diseases of prostate gland are important source of morbidity and mortality in male patients. The number of cases has continuously increased over the past decades, partly due to the higher life expectancy. The spectrum of diseases consists of inflammatory conditions, hyperplasia and malignancy. Prostate biopsy is essential to detect cancer and other benign conditions. There are other modalities of diagnosis, comprising of radiology and prostatic biomarkers. However, biopsy with histopathological examination is the gold standard for final diagnosis. Aims and Objectives: 1. To study the incidence, age distribution, gross and histopathological features of lesions of prostate. 2. To classify tumours of prostate as per recommendations of WHO and to analyse cases of Adenocarcinoma of prostate according to Modified Gleason grading system. Materials and methods: Total 160 cases of prostatic lesions from June 2019 to December 2019 including needle core biopsy and TURP chips were evaluated in this study. The received specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and routine paraffin processing followed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. All specimens were analysed with the following parameters: type of specimen, age, medical history, histopathological examination and final diagnosis. Results and Conclusion: In the study of 160 cases, most common age group affected was 61-70 years. The youngest patient was 49 years old and the oldest was 90 years old. In our study, various histopathological patterns were observed, where BPH was the most common finding. We reported 23 cases of adenocarcinoma of prostate with application of modified Gleason grading system. Maximum number of cases of adenocarcinoma were seen in 61-70 years age group. It is necessary to study all prostate biopsies in order to identify premalignant lesions, proliferative activity and grade of inflammation. Histopathological diagnosis and grading play a definitive role in the management of prostatic carcinoma.