Prospective study of clinicoepidemiology, presentation and treatment outcome of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (LE-PAD)

Abstract

Background: Peripheral arterial disease is one among three major cardiovascular diseases and is an important contributor of death and disabilities in low and middle income countries. Symptoms of peripheral arterial disease depend upon the severity of narrowing of artery. Based on severity of disease there are various modalities of treatment is available to prevent the progress of disease and save the limb.Method: This is a prospective, observational, cross sectional study conducted in the department of general surgery. Detailed chronological clinical history is taken, after that patient was evaluated clinically for vascular abnormalities of lower extremities. All patients were followed for minimum 6 month for the evaluation of course of disease and at each visit detail examination was repeated. Result: Dorsalis pedis artery was more commonly involved in thromboangitis obliterans patients then peripheral artery disease (37.5% vs 4.34%). Regarding mode of treatment all patients in both group received medical treatment and life style modification. Lumber sympathectomy was done in 4(8.6%) patients in PAD group and 1(6.25%) in TAO group. Amputation of leg was done in 18(39.10%) in PAD group. Discussion and Conclusion: Diabetes and hypertension was common comorbid condition associated with PAD. Most of the patients have habit of tobacco use. Gangrene and ulcer are common presentation of patients and most of the patients required amputation and disarticulation. Some symptoms improved by life style modification and medical management. The mean duration of stay in hospital was longer in PAD patients then TAO patients.