A study on microvascular complications in patients with newly detected Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy are associated with considerable medical and economic impact among persons with diabetes. In the UK Prospective Diabetes Study [UKPDS], 37% of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes developed at least one microvascular complication over a ten years period. Methodology: The procedure was told to the patients. 5.07 Simmes Weinstein monofilament consisted of a plastic handle supporting a nylon filament. The filament was placed perpendicular to the skin of the foot, and the pressure was applied until the filament buckles. The filament was held in place for approximately 1 second, then released. The patients were asked to elicit a ‘Yes/No’ response to monofilament pressure and correctly identify the site of contact. Inability to perceive the 10 g of force it applies was associated with clinically significant large fibre neuropathy. Like this 9 plantar sites and 1dorsal site were tested in each foot. Results: Statistical analysis of above obtained data reveals that patient with HbA1c ≥8% have 4.4 times higher risk of developing microvascular complications than patient with HbA1c ≤8%. This indicates HbA1c is a better predictor of microvascular complications in diabetics. Most of the patients had normal Blood urea and Serum creatinine levels. 25 patients had urea > 40mg/dl. 2 patient had creatinine > 2mg/dl. Conclusion: It is clear that significant increase in Blood urea and Serum creatinine levels which is indicative of renal involvement is less common at diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.