Morphology, cultivation, diseases, importance, traditional breeding and advanced techniques in biotechnology in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

Present review a consolidated data of morphology, cultivation pattern, diseases attacking in chilli, breeding methods in chilli and advanced techniques in biotechnology Capsicum genus has perfect flowers where male and female reproductive structures are in the same flowers. Usage of molecular technologies will continue to advance becoming an essential tool, combined with traditional selection and crosses techniques already established in capsicum genetic breeding. Molecular markers are used to characterize the genetic structure of individuals and population’s In vitro clonal propagation of chilli is relatively slower than other members of Solanaceae family because of its recalcitrant nature which makes it difficult to apply recombinant DNA technology. Capsaicin is a potent inhibitor of substance P, a neuropeptide associated with inflammatory processes. Chilli comprises of the following nutrients Proteins, Carotenoids, Fat, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Pro-vitamines E, P, B1, B2, B3, Steroidal alkaloidal glycosides and cholesterol and sodium. Chilli’s are low in saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium.