Madhuca longifolia (Mahua): A comprehensive ethno pharmacological review

Abstract

Madhuca longifolia is cultivated as well as found in wild and considered as boon for the forest dwellers for its medicinal property. It is an economic plant grows mainly in subtropical region of India and Pakistan. It is commonly known as Mahua and known for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, cardioprotective, anti-carcinogenic, immuno-modulant, anti-rheumatic, oxytocic, anti-estrogenic, uterotonic, antiepileptic, demulcents and many other useful pharmacological activities. Its chemical ingedients include terpenoids, proteins, starch, anthraquinone glycosides, phenolic compounds, mucilage, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids and saponins. This article gives a brief description of Madhuca longifolia regarding its identification, phytochemical properties, traditional uses including anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antihyperglycemic, antifertility, antiulcer activities. The outcome of this review will further expand the existing knowledge about Mahua and provide a convincing support to its future clinical use in modern veterinary and human medicine.