Role of CT urography in patients with suspected urinary tract calculi

Abstract

An observational study carried out in a period of two years, in the Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research centre, Pimpri, Pune. 50 patients with suspected or known cases of urinary tract calculi who came with renal colic or hematuria were subjected to CT urography. The study comprised of 23 females (46%) and 27 males (54%), thus showing male preponderance. The majority of the patients were from the age group of 12-30 years, with mean age of 38.96 years. 35 patients had urolithiasis. 22 patients (44%) had renal calculi, 7 patients (14%) had calculi at other sites and 6 patients (12%) had calculi at multiple sites. At other sites, calculi were most commonly seen in ureters, followed by PU junction, VU junction and urinary bladder. Right kidney was more commonly affected than left kidney. Obstructive changes were commonly due to calculi in ureters. Nephrographic phase was delayed in 1 patient (2%) and absent in 1 patient (2%), while excretory phase was delayed in 5 patients (10%) and absent in 2 patients (4%). Other pathological findings were identified in the study included renal cysts, reflux nephropathy, lymphocele, abscess, pyelonephritis, PUJ block, polycystic kidneys and neoplasm. The anatomical variants seen in the study included supernumerary kidneys, duplex collecting system, trifid pelvis, ectopic kidney, horse shoe kidney and retrocaval ureter.