A comprehensive review on region based traditional Ayurvedic practitioner’s plants secondary metabolites and their phytochemical activities in Bangladesh

Abstract

Alkaloids are known as low molecular weight heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds naturally derived from amino acid metabolism. Most familiar alkaloids are morphine, strychnine, quinine, ephedrine, nicotine, have a wide distribution in higher plants belonging to Ranunculaceae, Leguminosae, Papaveraceae, Menispermaceae and Loganiaceae families, involved in plant defense against herbivores and pathogens and pronounced bioactivities through the interaction of plants with their environments. At present, medicinal plants and remedies are widely used for various ailments. Many of these plants contain different types of alkaloids are always neurotoxic, pneumotoxic, genotoxic, hepatotoxic and cytotoxic. Alkaloids also have remarkable physiological effects on humans and used to treat Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Bangladesh is endowed with a very rich flora, and the ancient Bangladesh system of medicine is largely based on plant remedies. For dug designing alkaloids act as a rich reservoir, anti-proliferation, anti-cancer and anti-metastasis both in vivo and in vitro condition. Principal approach with this comprehensive review is to find out various kinds of alkaloids are extracted from plant species and their metabolic activities.