Vectorial Potential of Anopheles and Culex species in the Transmission of Bancroftian Filariasis in the Localities of Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

Abstract

The vectorial potential of Anopheline and Culicine mosquitoes in the transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti in High-level, Wurukum, North- bank and Wadata localities of Makurdi were determined over a 12-month period. Adult female mosquitoes (4,320) were identified and dissected following standard keys and procedures. The microfilarial infection rates were: 11.2%, 7.3%, 16.1% and 7.8% for High-level, Wurukum, North- bank and Wadata respectively. Chi- square analysis showed significant differences (P Anopheles gambiae [1,040 (24.1%)] > Anopheles funestus [641 (14.8%)] > ‘unidentified’ species of Anopheles [221 (5.1%)] respectively. Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus were potential vectors of Wuchereria bancrofti while Culex quinquefasciatus was recorded as the major vector in the study area. The present investigation may provide entomological data that would be useful in future vector control interventions in Makurdi.