Genetics in pediatric dentistry: A review

Abstract

Genetics is the science of heredity and vsariation. It plays an important role in determining our individuality. The term “genetics” conveys two different concepts: genetics as the study of inherited characteristics, and genetics as the study of cellular processes controlled by DNA. Developmental defects of teeth can occur as isolated genetic traits, be associated with a chromosomal abnormality or syndrome, or be inherited as a complex trait with genetic and environmental interactions. Numerous hereditary syndromes are associated with congenitally missing teeth. Often pediatric dentists are the first health care practitioners to document dysmorphic features in a child. This article attempts to gather insight about different dental diseases and their genetic basis, the need for genetic screening and testing to avoid future problems.