Biochemical characterization of five marine cyanobacteria species for their biotechnological applications

Abstract

In the present investigation to study the growth measurements and biochemical ingredients of five species of marine cyanobacteria in terms of chlorophyll a’, phycobilipigments, total carotenoid, total protein astaxanthin and polyphenolic contents were analyzed namely, Synechococcus elongatus, Synechococcus aeruginosus, Oscillatoria subbrevis, Phormidium species and Phormidium fragile there is repository in the germplasm collections of Jamal Mohamed College. Growth measurement of chlorophyll ‘a’ and protein were recorded at 2 days interval until 15th day. The amount of chlorophyll ‘a’ and protein were recorded maximum at 7th day and rarely 9th day. The analysis revealed that the maximum quantity of chlorophyll a’ and total protein was observed in Synechococcus aeruginosus (58.14 ± 1.24 mg mL-1 and 203.51 ± 15.26 µg mL-1) followed by Oscillatoria subbrevis (37.24 ± 2.07mg mL-1 and 142.81 ± 3.73 µg mL-1), minimum in Synechococcus elangatus (10.39 ± 0.36 mg mL-1 and 48.92 ± 2.88 µg mL-1 respectively). Whereas Phormidium fragile showed higher quantity of phycobilipigments especially Phycoerythrin (32.28±0.34 μg mL-1) followed by Oscillatoria subbrevis (13.03±0.60 μg mL-1) respectively. Phycocyanin was recorded highest in Phormidium species and Synechococcus aeruginosus (14.33±0.09 μg mL-1 and 13.83±1.05 μg mL-1) followed by Oscillatoria subbrevis (11.46±0.02 μg mL-1), the minimum amount of Phycoerythrin in Phormidium species (1.57±0.67 μg mL-1) and minimum phycocyanin in Synechococcus elongatus (2.75±0.01μg mL-1). Total carotenoid was recorded highest quantity in Synechococcus elongatus (7.49±0.21 μg g-1) followed by synechococcus aeruginosus (2.84±0.10 μg g-1) very least in Phormidium fragile (0.93±0.25 μg g-1) respectively. Astaxanthin highest quantity was present in Oscillatoria subbrevis (133.11±5.39 µg g-1), minimum in Phormidium fragile (9.85±0.18 μg g-1). Polyphenolic component maximum was observed in Phormidium fragile (583.77±66.33 μg g-1), very least in Oscillatoria subbrevis (14.82±1.08 μg g-1). The study revealed that Oscillatoria subbrevis and Phormidium fragile was a potent producer of astaxanthin, phycoerythrin and polyphenolics.