Pharmacognostical and phytochemical analysis of Solanum macranthum (Dunal) Fruits

Abstract

Solanaceae family is known for possessing a wide range of therapeutic properties, therefore it remains promising to explore the pharmacognostical and phytochemical profile of the Solanaceae family species. Solanum macranthum Dunal also known as ‘giant potato tree’, have been recognized for its various bioactivities. The present study was undertaken to screen the pharmacognostical and phytochemical profile of Solanum macranthum Dunal. Sequential phytochemical extraction of the shade dried fruits was carried out using four different solvents viz., petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of methanol and water extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins and glycosides. The ash values obtained signified low amount of inorganic constituents indicating that the fruit contains less amount of metallic constituents. This study indicates that Solanum macranthum fruit possesses various bioactive phytoconstituents and low ash value making it a remarkable choice for its therapeutic applications in treating various human ailments.