Design and implementation of automatic grid synchronization relay using microcontroller

Abstract

In today’s world, microcontrollers are preferred for the process of synchronization between the grid and the generator system. This is due to the fact that it is highly reliable and stability of the overall system increases. Synchronization is the process of matching four parameters of the incoming supplies. These parameters are the magnitude of voltage, the frequency, the phase sequence and phase difference. This process can be done either manually or automatically. In this paper, the design of synchronization relay is such that the overall cost for synchronization is relatively less. There are many ways of calculating frequency and phase difference. We have used the concept of zero crossing detector (ZCD) for the above mentioned purpose. When the generator parameters and grid parameters are matched, relay will issue close signal for synchronization. Our papers shows how this technology can be used for synchronization with reduced cost in an automatic way.