Role of halophilic microorganisms in agriculture

Abstract

Salinity of soils have a profundal effect on crop growth and yield, obliviously it is a big challenge for scientists to culminate salinity permanently still, avoidance may conserve the natural geochemical cycles and its workers (microorganisms). As the environment changes it makes few changes in the organism as well as organism must change for their survival of the fittest. Through the process of evolution many of the microorganisms has adopted to the changes in the environment but some live under normal conditions and some live under extreme conditions. Microorganisms which live under extreme conditions have developed many strategies to overcome stress and nutrient limitation. Some of them have an impeccable potentiality to enhance the growth of crops under saline conditions by using myriad of mechanisms viz., fixing nitrogen, siderophore production, zinc solubilization, phosphorous solubilization, ACC deaminase production, commercial enzymes production etc. in this review we try to Explored the ways to utilize the microorganisms for commercial crop application under saline conditions to enhance the growth and yield of crops.