Problems faced by divorced women in their pre and post-divorce period: A sociological study with reference to District Meerut

Abstract

DNA Markers provide an opportunity to characterize genotypes and to measure genetic relationships precisely than other markers. In order to obtain an overview of genetic diversity present in mungbean, nineteen genotypes were analyzed at DNA level by simple sequence repeat (SSR) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Total number of twenty SSR and ISSR primers were used out of which ten SSR primers and seven out of ten ISSR primers showed amplification. The SSR primers amplified 1(VR062, VR188, Phi057) to 2(VR0155, VR0222, VR0223, VR0304, VR225, Phi112 and VR040) alleles of 50-600bp and ISSR primers amplified 1(ISSR GA5), 2(ISSR 842, ISSR 856, ISSR 857, ISSR CA1) and 4(ISSR GA1) alleles of 180-900bp size. SSR primers and ISSR primers showed 85% and 67.85% polymorphism with highest PIC value marked by VR062 is 0.95 and ISSR 842 is 0.60 respectively. The cluster analysis based on unweighted paired group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) with 20 SSR and ISSR primers grouped nineteen genotypes into four major clusters. The findings of the study allowed discrimination of cultivars which will be useful in backcross breeding programs.