The prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in persons attending a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is one of the common health problems with a progressive prevalence both in developed and developing countries. The different method are used to quantify osteoporosis like DEXA and Quantitative ultrasound (QUS). So study was mainly done to determine the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients attending OPD at tertiary care hospital and to compare the BMD in relation to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Method and Materials: A prospective cross sectional study carried out in the orthpedic OPD of Dr RN Cooper Medical Hospital, Mumbai over the period of 6 months from June 2017 to November 2017. The study include 186 cases which include all patients attending OPD from 19 yrs to 90 yrs and those who were willing to give consent for study. BMD was tested using calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (BMD SONOST 2000) machine. The results were tabulated and analysed statistically. Test of significance (chi square test and Z test) were applied wherever necessary. Result: The prevalence of Osteoporosis in our study was 14.51% and prevalence of Osteopenia was 58.06% as per WHO criteria. In our study, we found that osteoporosis and osteopenia is more common in female with most common age is more than 40 yrs. The menopausal female, smoker and patients from lower socioeconomic strata have low BMD score. Conclusion: Osteoporosis is more prevalent in our society than it is seen so awareness of people about osteoporosis, good dietary habits, active life style, good control of systemic disorders, reduced intake of tobacco can make a huge difference in osteoporotic complication rate in our society.