Induction of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and protease in Mung bean inoculated with Macrophomina phaseolina causing dry root rot

Abstract

Tomato is the most important vegetable crop next to potato cultivated across the world. A severe leaf curl disease with puckering, mottling, chlorosis and distorted growth was observed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) with significantly high disease incidence (15.2 to 35.9% in summer crop and 12.7 to 31.3% in Rabi crop) at Chitrakoot region during survey 2015-16 and samples were collected. Presence of huge population of whitefly indicated the possibility of begomovirus infection. The causal agent was amplified by PCR (~536 bp and ~1.1 kb) from 102 symptomatic leaves and 63 whiteflies DNA using two set of begomovirus specific degenerate primers. Randomly sequenced four amplicon showed highest similarity (96-99%) with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (KF537780: India: Varanasi). In temporal dynamics study, transplanting of 5th November had minimum disease incidence ranged from 3.3 to 12.2 per cent and low whitefly population than other two early planted crops. A positive linear correlation (y = 2.841x R2 = 0.374) was recorded between whitefly and leaf curl incidence. The study covered survey, molecular diagnosis of Tomato leaf curl disease along with temporal dynamics and development of eco-friendly ToLCD management strategy in Chitrakoot area for the first time.