A new method to increase callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryo of wheat

Abstract

Callus cultures were initiated on MS medium supplemented with 7mg/l 2,4-D+0.2 mg/1 NAA from mature embryos of nontreated, non-endosperm supported (NS) and nontreated, 30 kR and 35 kR gamma irradiated endosperm supported mature embryos (ES, 30 kR, ES and 35 kR, ES). Callus initiation took place within 2 days after inoculation from ES system (ES, 30 kR and 35 kR, ES) while it took 6 days in NS system. Callusing was highest in NS mature embryos (79.9%) among the all [ES (72.2%), 30 kR, ES (76.3%) and 35 kR, ES (74.7%)]. After 10 days the developed calli were transferred to MS+5mg// 2,4-D medium and subcultured at every two week interval for 5 months. Regeneration took place within 6 days in all types of calli on MS+0.1 mg/l NAA medium. Regeneration was best in 30 kR, ES embryo derived calli (88.4%) among the all [NS (83.2%), ES (70.5%) and 30 kR, ES (76.9%) Healthy and well developed regenerated plants were transferred to soil in pots. Survival was 80 percent. Gamma irradiation exhibited positive effect for callusing as well as regcnaration.