Effect of genotypes and different concentration of growth regulator on callus induction and plant regeneration through anther culture of rice

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops. In rice, anther culture is an important biotechnological tool for immediate fixation of homozygosity thereby compressing the breeding cycle. In the present study, effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and regeneration from anther derived callus in the two rice genotypes indica and japonica were studied. Japonica var. Moroberekan showed higher callus induction and regeneration ability compared to indica var. Jaya. The growth regulator treatment NAA 2 mg l-1 + Kinetin 1 mg l-1 induced highest percentage of callus (57.50%) in japonica var. Moroberekan, whereas the growth regulator treatment NAA 1 mg l-1 + Kinetin 0.5 mg l-1 induced highest percentage of callus(32.50%) in indica var. Jaya. The best treatment for plant regeneration in Moroberekan was NAA 0.5 mg l-1 + Kinetin 0.5 mg l-1, plant regeneration percentage was 62.50 percent while for Jaya it was NAA 0.5 mg l-1 + Kinetin 1.5 mg l-1with a regeneration percentage of 29.13 percent. The study showed that genotype and growth hormone concentration greatly influence in vitro androgenic callus induction and regeneration efficiency in rice.