Profiling of morphogenesis related enzymes of milky mushroom Calocybe indica (P & C)

Abstract

Milky mushroom (Calocybe indica P&C) is one among the prevalent edible tropical mushrooms cultivated in India. It is well known that secretion of lignocellulolytic enzymes in mushrooms play an important role in degradation of agroresidues but it is understood that certain enzymes are also related to morphogenesis of mushrooms. In this regard, the present study was undertaken to study the function of morphogenesis related enzymes viz., mannitol dehydrogenase (MtDH), xylanase, laccase, tyrosinase and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities at seven different growth stages viz., pinhead, tiny button, button, I elongation, II elongation, maturation, complete maturation both in pileus and stipe of Calocybe indica var. APK2 and CBE-TNAU-1523 wild isolate. The results indicated that activity of MtDH, xylanase, laccase, tyrosinase and LOX in the mushroom is found to be maximum at stage five (II elongation) followed by stage four (I elongation) and the rate of increase in activity was higher from stage one to stage five in pileus when compared to stipe in both APK2 variety and CBE-TNAU-1523 wild strain of Calocybe indica. Among, all the enzymes assayed, the activity of xylanase was recorded maximum at all the seven stages of mushroom growth followed by lipoxygenase activity. Maximum activity of xylanase was recorded in pileus of APK2 variety and CBE-TNAU-1523 wild strain (3.514μmoles/min/g and 3.551μmoles/min/g, respectively) when compared to stipe.