Sublethal effects of Peganum harmala (Zygophyllaceae) on sexual behavior and oviposition in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Abstract

Peganum harmala (Zygophyllaceae) is an herbaceous plant of the mediterranean boards, rich in indolic alkaloids that confer it an insecticidal activity (biopesticide). In this study, the deferred toxic effects of P. harmala were evaluated on sexual behavior in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Treatment was applied on 2nd instar larvae (L2), by ingestion of a sublethal concentration (300 μg/ml). The harmel affected negatively the series of behavioral sequences leading to mating in adults (courtship elements), causing an abortion rate of 90%. In addition, it has a repellent effect expressed by the choice of oviposition site by females causing a reduction the number of laid eggs.