Detection of insecticide resistance in the larvae of some Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) strains from Java, Indonesia to Temephos, Malathion and Permethrin

Abstract

Larval insecticide resistance status of the Ae. aegypti in Indonesia is hardly known. Therefore, assay to determine resistance status of Ae. aegypti larvae collected from Bogor, Tasikmalaya, Sumedang, Garut and Semarang to temephos, malathion and permethrin was conducted using the WHO standard test. The results showed that, there was absent to moderate resistance to temephos, malathion, and permethrin showed by Resistance Ratios (RR) ranged from 0.78 to 7.40 as compared to the susceptible VCRU strain. In addition, this is the first report that larvae of Ae. aegypti in Indonesia (Sumedang, Garut and Tasik) have developed resistance to malathion. Biochemical analysis showed that in general, detoxifying enzymes, i.e., Esterase B and Mixed-Function Oxidase (MFO) were involved in the mechanism of resistance to insecticide in the majority of strains, although the results also suggest that other possible mechanism(s) might also be involved.