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Microglia/Macrophage Polarization Dynamics Reveal Novel Mechanism of Injury Expansion After Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Stroke · 2012 · Vol. 43(11) · pp. 3063–3070

Xiaoming Hu✉(Mylan (United States))Peiying Li(Mylan (United States))Yanling Guo(Duquesne University)Haiying Wang(Mylan (United States))Rehana K. Leak(University of Pittsburgh)Songela Chen(Duquesne University)Yanqin Gao(University of Pittsburgh)Jun Chen(Mylan (United States))

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Abstract

Our results suggest that microglia/macrophages respond dynamically to ischemic injury, experiencing an early "healthy" M2 phenotype, followed by a transition to a "sick" M1 phenotype. These dual and opposing roles of microglia/macrophages suggest that stroke therapies should be shifted from simply suppressing microglia/macrophage toward adjusting the balance between beneficial and detrimental microglia/macrophage responses.

Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms Immune cells in cancer Neurological Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsMicrogliaMedicinePhenotypeIschemiaMacrophage polarizationMacrophagePathologyCell biologyImmunologyNeuroscience

MeSH terms

AnimalsCell CommunicationCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedBrain IschemiaDisease Models, AnimalImmunohistochemistryMacrophage ActivationMacrophagesNeuronsPhenotypeMacrophage-1 AntigenCell PolarityRats, Sprague-DawleyMicroglia

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