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Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

The Lancet · 2012 · Vol. 380(9859) · pp. 2163–2196

Theo Vos✉Abraham D Flaxman(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Mohsen Naghavi(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Rafael Lozano(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Catherine Michaud(China Medical Board)Majid EzzatiKenji ShibuyaJoshua A. Salomon(Harvard University)Safa AbdallaVictor AboyansJerry Abraham(The University of Texas at San Antonio)Ilana N. Ackerman(The University of Melbourne)Rakesh Aggarwal(Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences)Stephanie Y Ahn(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Mohammed K. Ali(Emory University)Mohammad A. AlMazroa(Ministry of Health)Miriam Alvarado(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)H Ross Anderson(St George's, University of London)Laurie Anderson(Public Health – Seattle & King County)Kathryn Andrews(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Charles Atkinson(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Larry M. Baddour(Mayo Clinic in Arizona)Adil N BahalimSuzanne Barker‐Collo(University of Auckland)Lope H. Barrero(Pontificia Universidad Javeriana)David Bartels(Harvard University)María‐Gloria Basáñez(Imperial College London)Amanda Baxter(Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research)Michelle L. Bell(Yale University)Emelia J. BenjaminDerrick Bennett(MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL)Eduardo Bernabé(Eastman Dental Hospital)Kavi Bhalla(Harvard University)Bishal Bhandari(Queen Mary University of London)Boris Bikbov(Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry)Aref Bin Abdulhak(King Fahd Medical City)Gretchen L. Birbeck(Michigan State University)James A Black(MRC Epidemiology Unit)Hannah Blencowe(London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)Jed D BloreFiona Blyth(The University of Sydney)Ian Bolliger(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Audrey Bonaventure(Inserm)Soufiane BoufousRupert Bourne(Anglia Ruskin University)Michel Boussinesq(Institut de Recherche pour le Développement)Tasanee Braithwaite(Moorfields Eye Hospital)Carol Brayne(University of Cambridge)Lisa Bridgett(The University of Sydney)Simon Brooker(London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)Peter Brooks(The University of Melbourne)Traolach Brugha(University of Leicester)Claire Bryan-Hancock(Flinders University)Chiara Bucello(UNSW Sydney)Rachelle Buchbinder(Cabrini Hospital)Geoffrey Buckle(Johns Hopkins University)Christine M. Budke(Texas A&M University)Michael Burch(Great Ormond Street Hospital)Peter Burney(Imperial College London)Roy Burstein(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Bianca CalabriaBenjamin Campbell(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Charles E. Canter(Washington University in St. Louis)Hélène Carabin(University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center)Jonathan R. Carapetis(The Kids Research Institute Australia)Loreto Carmona(Camilo José Cela University)Claudia Cella(Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research)Fiona CharlsonHonglei Chen(Triangle)Andrew Tai-Ann Cheng(Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica)David Chou(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Sumeet S. Chugh(Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)Luc E. Coffeng(Erasmus MC)Steven D Colan(Boston Children's Hospital)Samantha Colquhoun(Menzies School of Health Research)K. Ellicott Colson(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)John R. Condon(Menzies School of Health Research)Myles Connor(National Health Service Scotland)Leslie T. CooperMatthew Corriere(Wake Forest University)Monica Cortinovis(Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research)Karen Courville(Hospital del Niño)William Couser(University of Washington)Benjamin C Cowie(Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory)Michael H Criqui(University of California San Diego)Marita Cross(The University of Sydney)Kaustubh Dabhadkar(Emory University)Manu DahiyaNabila Dahodwala(University of Pennsylvania)James Damsere-DerryGoodarz Danaei(Harvard University)Adrian DavisDiego De Leo(Griffith University)Louisa DegenhardtRobert P. Dellavalle(Denver VA Medical Center)Allyne Delossantos(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Julie O. Denenberg(University of California San Diego)Sarah Derrett(University of Otago)Don C. Des Jarlais(Mount Sinai Beth Israel)Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne(University of Peradeniya)Mukesh Dherani(University of Liverpool)Cèsar Díaz‐Torné(Hospital de Sant Pau)Helen Dolk(University of Ulster)E. Ray Dorsey(Johns Hopkins University)Tim Driscoll(Sydney Local Health District)Herbert C. Duber(University of Washington)Beth E. Ebel(University of Washington)Karen Edmond(London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)Meyer Elbaz(Inserm)Suad Eltahir Ali(Federal Ministry of Health)Holly E Erskine(Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research)Patricia J. Erwin(Mayo Clinic in Arizona)Patricia Espindola(Hospital Maciel)Stalin E EwoigbokhanFarshad Farzadfar(Tehran University of Medical Sciences)Valery L. FeiginDavid T. Felson(Boston University)Alize J Ferrari(Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research)Cleusa P. Ferri(Universidade Federal de São Paulo)Eric M. Fèvre(University of Edinburgh)Mariel M. Finucane(Harvard University)Seth Flaxman(Carnegie Mellon University)Louise Flood(Flinders University)Kyle J Foreman(Imperial College London)Mohammad H. Forouzanfar(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)F.G.R. Fowkes(University of Edinburgh)Richard C. Franklin(James Cook University)Marlene FransenMichael K Freeman(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Belinda J. GabbeSherine E. Gabriel(Mayo Clinic in Arizona)Emmanuela Gakidou(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Hammad A. Ganatra(Emory University)Bianca Garcia(The University of Queensland)Flavio Gaspari(Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research)Richard F Gillum(Howard University)Gerhard Gmel(Addiction Switzerland)Richard A. Gosselin(University of California, San Francisco)Rebecca Grainger(University of Otago)Justina Groeger(SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University)Francis Guillemin(Université de Lorraine)David Gunnell(University of Bristol)Ramyani Gupta(St George's, University of London)Juanita A. Haagsma(Erasmus MC)Holly Hagan(New York University)Yara A. Halasa(Brandeis University)Wayne Hall(The University of Queensland)Diana Haring(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Josep María Haro(Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu)James Harrison(Flinders University)Rasmus Havmoeller(Karolinska University Hospital)Roderick J. HayHideki HigashiCatherine Hill(Queen Elizabeth Hospital)Bruno Hoen(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon)Howard J. Hoffman(National Institutes of Health)Peter J. Hotez(Baylor College of Medicine)Damian Hoy(Monash University)John J. Huang(Yale University)S Ibeanusi(University of Port Harcourt)Kathryn H. Jacobsen(George Mason University)Spencer L James(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Deborah Jarvis(Imperial College London)Rashmi Jasrasaria(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Sudha Jayaraman(Brigham and Women's Hospital)Nicole E. Johns(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Jost B. Jonas(Heidelberg University)Ganesan Karthikeyan(All India Institute of Medical Sciences)Nicholas J KassebaumNorito Kawakami(The University of Tokyo)Andre KerenJon‐Paul Khoo(Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research)Charles H. King(Case Western Reserve University)Lisa Marie Knowlton(Harvard University)Olive Kobusingye(University of South Africa)Adofo Koranteng(Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology)Rita Krishnamurthi(Auckland University of Technology)Ratilal Lalloo(Queensland Health)Laura L Laslett(University of Tasmania)Timothy Lathlean(Flinders University)Janet L Leasher(Nova Southeastern University)Yong Yi LeeJ. Paul Leigh(Sydney Local Health District)Stephen S Lim(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Elizabeth Limb(St George's, University of London)John K. Lin(Harvard University)Michael S. Lipnick(University of California, San Francisco)Steven E. Lipshultz(University of Miami)Wei Liu(Harvard University)Maria Loane(University of Ulster)Summer Lockett Ohno(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Ronan A Lyons(Swansea University)Jixiang Ma(National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention)Jacqueline Mabweijano(Mulago Hospital)Michael F MacIntyre(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Reza MalekzadehLeslie Mallinger(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Sivabalan Manivannan(Johns Hopkins University)Wagner Marcenes(Queen Mary University of London)Lyn March(Sydney Local Health District)David J Margolis(University of Pennsylvania)Guy B. Marks(The University of Sydney)Robin Marks(The University of Melbourne)Akira MatsumoriRichard Matzopoulos(South African Medical Research Council)Bongani M. Mayosi(University of Cape Town)John H. McAnulty(Legacy Health)Mary Mcdermott(Northwestern University)Neil McGill(The University of Sydney)John J. McGrath(Queensland Eye Institute)María Elena Medina‐Mora(Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz)Michele Meltzer(Thomas Jefferson University)Ziad A. Memish(Alfaisal University)George A. Mensah(University of Cape Town)Tony R. Merriman(University of Otago)Ana‐Claire Meyer(University of California, San Francisco)Valeria Miglioli(Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research)Matthew Miller(Harvard University)Ted R. Miller(Institute for Research and Evaluation)Philip B. Mitchell(UNSW Sydney)Ana Olga Mocumbi(Eduardo Mondlane University)Terrie E. Moffitt(Duke University)Ali A Mokdad(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Lorenzo Monasta(IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo)Marcella Montico(IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo)Maziar Moradi‐Lakeh(Tehran University of Medical Sciences)Andrew Moran(Columbia University)Lídia Morawska(Queensland University of Technology)Rintaro Mori(National Center For Child Health and Development)Michele E Murdoch(Watford General Hospital)Michael Mwaniki(Kenya Medical Research Institute)Kovin Naidoo(University of KwaZulu-Natal)Manisha Nair(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Luigi Naldi(Centro Studi GISED)KM Venkat Narayan(Emory University)Paul K NelsonRobert G. Nelson(National Institutes of Health)Michael C. Nevitt(Cancer Research And Biostatistics)Charles R. Newton(University of Oxford)Sandra Nolte(Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin)Paul E. Norman(The University of Western Australia)Rosana NormanMartin O’Donnell(Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway)Simon J. O’Hanlon(Imperial College London)Casey Olives(University of Washington)Saad B Omer(Atlanta Public Schools)Katrina Ortblad(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Richard H. Osborne(Deakin University)Doruk Ozgediz(Partners In Care)Andrew PageBishnu Pahari(B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences)Jeyaraj Pandian(Public Works Department Buildings and Roads)Andrea Rivero(Universidad Nacional "Siglo XX")Scott B. Patten(University of Calgary)Neil Pearce(London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)Rogelio Perez Padilla(Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias)Fernando Pérez-Ruiz(Hospital de Cruces)Norberto Perico(Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research)Konrad Pesudovs(Flinders University)David Phillips(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Michael Phillips(Shanghai Jiao Tong University)Kelsey Pierce(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Sébastien D. S. Pion(Institut de Recherche pour le Développement)Guilherme V. PolanczykSuzanne Polinder(Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences)C Arden Pope(Brigham Young University)Svetlana Popova(Centre for Addiction and Mental Health)Esteban Porrini(Hospital Universitario de Canarias)Farshad Pourmalek(University of British Columbia)Martin Prince(King's College London)Rachel L. Pullan(London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)K. D. Ramaiah(Vector Control Research Centre)Dharani Ranganathan(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Homie Razavi(Center for Disease Analysis)Mathilda Regan(University of California, Berkeley)Jürgen T Rehm(Centre for Addiction and Mental Health)David B. Rein(University of Chicago)Giuseppe Remuzzi(Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research)Kathryn Richardson(University of Cambridge)Frederick P. Rivara(University of Washington)Thomas Roberts(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Carolyn Robinson(University of California, San Francisco)Felipe Rodríguez De León(Complejo Hospitalario Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid)Luca Ronfani(IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo)Robin RoomLisa C Rosenfeld(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Lesley Rushton(Imperial College London)Ralph L. Sacco(University of Miami)Sukanta Saha(Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research)Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson(Vanderbilt University)Lídia Sànchez-RieraElla Sanman(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)David C. Schwebel(University of Alabama at Birmingham)James G. ScottMaría Seguí‐Gómez(Ministerio del Interior)Saeid Shahraz(Brandeis University)Donald S. Shepard(Brandeis University)Hwashin Hyun Shin(Health Canada)Rupak Shivakoti(Johns Hopkins University)Donald H. Silberberg(University of Pennsylvania)David Singh(Queen's Medical Center)Gitanjali M Singh(Harvard University)Jasvinder A. Singh(University of Alabama at Birmingham)Jessica SingletonDavid A. Sleet(National Center for Injury Prevention and Control)Karen Sliwa(University of Cape Town)Emma Smith(Northern Sydney Local Health District)Jennifer L. Smith(London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)Nicolas JC Stapelberg(Griffith University)Andrew C. SteerTimothy J. Steiner(Norwegian University of Science and Technology)Wilma A. Stolk(Erasmus MC)Lars Jacob StovnerChristopher R. Sudfeld(Harvard University)Sana Syed(Aga Khan University)Giorgio Tamburlini(IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo)Mohammad Tavakkoli(Harvard University)Hugh R. Taylor(The University of Melbourne)Jennifer Taylor(Drexel University)William J. Taylor(University of Otago)Bernadette Thomas(University of Washington)W. Murray Thomson(University of Otago)George D. Thurston(New York University)Imad M. Tleyjeh(King Fahd Medical City)Marcello Tonelli(University of Alberta)Jeffrey A Towbin(Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center)Thomas Truelsen(Herlev Hospital)Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris(University of Crete)Clotilde Ubeda(Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud)Eduardo A. Undurraga(Brandeis University)Marieke J van der Werf(TuBerculosis Vaccine Initiative)Jim van Os(Maastricht University Medical Centre)Monica S. Vavilala(University of Washington)Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian(National University of Singapore)Mengru Wang(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Wenzhi Wang(Capital Medical University)Kerrianne Watt(James Cook University)D. J. Weatherall(University of Oxford)Martin A. Weinstock(Brown University)Robert Weintraub(Royal Children's Hospital)Marc G. Weisskopf(Harvard University)Myrna M. WeissmanRichard White(Harvard University)Harvey Whiteford(Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research)Steven Wiersma(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)James D. Wilkinson(University of Miami)Hywel C Williams(University of Nottingham)Sean RM Williams(Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals)Emma Witt(Auckland University of Technology)Frederick WolfeAnthony D. Woolf(Royal Cornwall Hospital)Sarah Wulf(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)Pon-Hsiu Yeh(London School of Economics and Political Science)Anita K. M. Zaidi(Aga Khan University)Zhi-Jie Zheng(Shanghai Jiao Tong University)David Zonies(Landstuhl Regional Medical Center)Alan D LópezChristopher J L Murray(Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation)

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Health disparities and outcomes Healthcare Systems and Reforms Global Health Care IssuesMedicinePopulationEpidemiologyDemographyPopulation healthComorbidityDisease burdenPublic healthIncidence (geometry)Global health