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Time Outdoors and Physical Activity as Predictors of Incident Myopia in Childhood: A Prospective Cohort Study
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · 2012 · Vol. 53(6) · pp. 2856–2856
Jeremy A. Guggenheim✉(Cardiff University)Kate NorthstoneGeorge McMahonAndy Ness(University of Dental Medicine)Kevin DeereCalum Mattocks(University of Bristol)Beaté St Pourcain(University of Bristol)Cathy Williams
Abstract
Time spent outdoors was predictive of incident myopia independently of physical activity level. The greater association observed for time outdoors suggests that the previously reported link between "sports/outdoor activity" and incident myopia is due mainly to its capture of information relating to time outdoors rather than physical activity.
Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment StudiesRetinopathy of Prematurity StudiesCorneal surgery and disordersEmmetropiaDioptreScreen timeMedicineConfidence intervalLongitudinal studyHazard ratioProspective cohort studyRefractive errorPhysical activity
MeSH terms
AdolescentChildEnglandFemaleHumansLeisure ActivitiesMaleMyopiaProspective StudiesSurveys and QuestionnairesRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsTime FactorsExerciseIncidence
Funding
- Wellcome Trust
- Sight Research UK
- University of Bristol
- Medical Research Council
Citations
420
FWCI
18.69
field-weighted impact
References
96
Percentile
100%
vs. same field & year
Citations per year
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References
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Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · 2003 · 601 citations
Outdoor Activity Reduces the Prevalence of Myopia in Children
Ophthalmology · 2008 · 1,291 citations
The Effect of Ambient Illuminance on the Development of Deprivation Myopia in Chicks
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · 2009 · 363 citations
Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice
Statistics in Medicine · 2010 · 9,312 citations
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Outdoor activity and myopia in Singapore teenage children
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