A Simple Immunofluorescence Test for the Detection of Platelet Antibodies

Abstract

Immunofluorescence tests on platelets have always been hampered by nonspecific fluorescence caused by non-immunological binding of plasma proteins to the platelet membrane. It was found that this could be easily overcome by fixation of the cells with paraformaldehyde (PFA). By using PFA-fixed platelets, a simple method for the detection of platelet antibodies, the platelet suspension immunofluorescence test (PSIFT) was developed. PFA fixation did not alter or inactivate the platelet antigens tested. Platelet-reactive antibodies detected specifically with the PSIFT included platelet-specific agglutinins of the IgM class, non-agglutinating platelet-specific antibodies of the IgG class, drug-dependent platelet antibodies, HLA antibodies, as well as anti-A and anti-B antibodies. The sensitivity of the new test was satisfactory, as was its reproducibility. Measurement of platelet immunofluorescence was possible in a continuous flow microfluorometer, making a principle, quantitation of platelet antibodies and antigens possible.