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Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems

Nanoscale · 2014 · Vol. 7(11) · pp. 4598–4810

Andrea C. Ferrari✉(University of Cambridge)Francesco Bonaccorso(Italian Institute of Technology)Vladimir I. Fal’ko(Lancaster University)Kostya S. Novoselov(University of Manchester)Stephan Roche(Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats)Peter Bøggild(Technical University of Denmark)Stefano Borini(Nokia (United Kingdom))Frank H. L. Koppens(Institute of Photonic Sciences)Vincenzo Palermo(Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity)Nicola M. Pugno(University of Trento)José A. Garrido(Technical University of Munich)Roman Sordan(Politecnico di Milano)Alberto Bianco(Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire)Laura Ballerini(University of Trieste)Maurizio Prato(University of Trieste)Elefterios Lidorikis(University of Ioannina)Jani Kivioja(Nokia (United Kingdom))C. MarinelliTapani Ryhänen(Nokia (United Kingdom))Alberto F. Morpurgo(University of Geneva)Jonathan N. Coleman(Trinity College Dublin)Valeria Nicolosi(Trinity College Dublin)Luigi Colombo(Texas Instruments (United States))A. Fert(Laboratoire Albert Fert)M. Garcı́a-Hernández(University of Cambridge)Adrian Bachtold(Institute of Photonic Sciences)Grégory F. Schneider(Lancaster University)F. Guinea(Italian Institute of Technology)Cees Dekker(University of Cambridge)Matteo Barbone(University of Cambridge)Zhipei Sun(University of Cambridge)Costas Galiotis(Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats)A. N. Grigorenko(University of Manchester)Gerasimos Konstantatos(Institute of Photonic Sciences)András Kis(University of Cambridge)M. I. Katsnelson(Nokia (United Kingdom))Lieven M. K. Vandersypen(University of Cambridge)Annick Loiseau(University of Cambridge)Vittorio Morandi(University of Cambridge)Daniel Neumaier(University of Cambridge)Emanuele Treossi(Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity)Vittorio Pellegrini(Italian Institute of Technology)Marco Polini(University of Cambridge)Alessandro Tredicucci(University of Cambridge)Gareth Williams(Queen Mary University of London)Byung Hee Hong(University of Cambridge)Jong‐Hyun Ahn(Politecnico di Milano)Jong Min Kim(University of Cambridge)Herbert Zirath(University of Cambridge)B. J. van Wees(University of Cambridge)Herre S. J. van der Zant(University of Manchester)Luigi G. Occhipinti(University of Ioannina)Andrea Di Matteo(University of Ioannina)Ian A. Kinloch(University of Cambridge)Thomas Seyller(University of Geneva)Etienne Quesnel(University of Cambridge)Xinliang Feng(Trinity College Dublin)K. B. K. Teo(Trinity College Dublin)N.L. Rupesinghe(Trinity College Dublin)Pertti Hakonen(Texas Instruments (United States))Simon R. T. Neil(Laboratoire Albert Fert)Quentin Tannock(University of Cambridge)Tomas Löfwander(University of Cambridge)Jari M. Kinaret(Italian Institute of Technology)

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Abstract

We present the science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems, targeting an evolution in technology, that might lead to impacts and benefits reaching into most areas of society. This roadmap was developed within the framework of the European Graphene Flagship and outlines the main targets and research areas as best understood at the start of this ambitious project. We provide an overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials (GRMs), ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries. We also define an extensive list of acronyms in an effort to standardize the nomenclature in this emerging field.

Graphene research and applications 2D Materials and Applications ZnO doping and propertiesGrapheneNanotechnologyMaterials scienceEngineering physicsEngineering