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What Are Batteries, Fuel Cells, and Supercapacitors?
Chemical Reviews · 2004 · Vol. 104(10) · pp. 4245–4270
Martin Winter✉(Graz University of Technology)Ralph J. Brodd
Abstract
Electrochemical energy conversion devices are pervasive in our daily lives. Batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors belong to the same family of energy conversion devices. They are all based on the fundamentals of electrochemical thermodynamics and kinetics. All three are needed to service the wide energy requirements of various devices and systems. Neither batteries, fuel cells nor electrochemical capacitors, by themselves, can serve all applications.
Fuel Cells and Related MaterialsSupercapacitor Materials and FabricationElectrocatalysts for Energy ConversionSupercapacitorElectrochemical energy conversionChemistryElectrochemistryEnergy storageCapacitorFuel cellsEnergy transformationNanotechnologyChemical engineering
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