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The Relationship between Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Europe

Emerging infectious diseases · 2002 · Vol. 8(3) · pp. 278–282

S L A M Bronzwaer✉(National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)Otto Cars(Swedish Institute)Udo Buchholz(National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)Sigvard MölstadWim Goettsch(National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)Irene Veldhuijzen(National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)Jacob L. Kool(National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)M Sprenger(National Institute for Public Health and the Environment)John E. Degener(University Medical Center Groningen)participants in the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System

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Abstract

In Europe, antimicrobial resistance has been monitored since 1998 by the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (EARSS). We examined the relationship between penicillin nonsusceptibility of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and antibiotic sales. Information was collected on 1998-99 resistance data for invasive isolates of S. pneumoniae to penicillin, based on surveillance data from EARSS and on outpatient sales during 1997 for beta-lactam antibiotics and macrolides. Our results show that in Europe antimicrobial resistance of S. pneumoniae to penicillin is correlated with use of beta-lactam antibiotics and macrolides.

Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections Antibiotic Use and Resistance Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and EfficacyPenicillinAntimicrobialAntibiotic resistanceStreptococcus pneumoniaeAntibioticsMicrobiologyBiologyCephalosporin